CEOS EO HANDBOOK – INSTRUMENT SUMMARY - X-Band SAR -
Full Name X-Band Synthetic Aperture Radar Status Operational
Instrument Agencies DLR Maturity High Heritage - Operational
Instrument Type Imaging microwave radars Geometry
Instrument Technology Imaging radar (SAR) Sampling Other
Data Access Open Access Data Format
Measurements and Applications High resolution images for monitoring of land surface and coastal processes and for agricultural, geological and hydrological applications.
Resolution Summary Spotlight: 1.2 x 1 - 4 m Stripmap: 3 x 3 - 6 m ScanSAR: 16 x 16 m
[Best Resolution: 1m]
Swath Summary Spotlight: 5-10km x 10 km, Stripmap: 30 km, ScanSAR: 100 km
[Max Swath: 100 km]
Accuracy Summary
Waveband Summary 9.65 GHz, 300 MHz bandwidth, all 4 polarisation modes
MW (~0.1 cm - ~100 cm)
X-Band (12.5 - 8 GHz)
Instrument Measurements
Measurements Overview
CategoryParameter
Albedo and reflectanceEarth surface albedo
Landscape topographyLand surface topography
Multi-purpose imagery (land)Land surface imagery
Multi-purpose imagery (ocean)Ocean imagery and water leaving spectral radiance
Ocean topography/currentsOcean surface currents (vector)
Sea ice cover, edge and thicknessSea-ice cover
Sea-ice type
Glacier cover
Glacier motion
Snow cover, edge and depthSnow cover
VegetationVegetation type
Thematic Links Global Climate Observing System Essential Climate Variables (GCOS ECVs)
ECVDescriptionProduct(s)ECV Inventory 3.0 Record(s)
Albedo click here click here search ECV Inventory records
Glaciers click here click here search ECV Inventory records
Ocean Colour click here click here search ECV Inventory records
Sea Ice click here click here search ECV Inventory records
Snow click here click here search ECV Inventory records
Surface Currents click here click here search ECV Inventory records
Instrument Missions
TerraSAR-X - TerraSAR-X (2007 - 2024)
TanDEM-X - TerraSAR-X Add-on for Digital Elevation Measurements (2010 - 2026)