Land surface topography Measurement Instruments

Measurements > Land > Landscape topography > Land surface topography
Measurement Definition: Map of land surface heights - Physical unit: [ m ] - Accuracy unit: [ m ].
InstrumentStatus/
Accuracy
Instrument DescriptionMeasurement TechnologyTimeline
AEISSOperationalHigh resolution imager for land applications of cartography and disaster monitoring.High resolution optical imager
AEISS-AOperationalHigh resolution imager for land applications of cartography and disaster monitoring.High resolution optical imager
AEISS-HROperationalHigh resolution imager for land applications of cartography and disaster monitoringHigh resolution optical imager
ASTEROperationalSurface and cloud imaging with high spatial resolution, stereoscopic observation of local topography, cloud heights, volcanic plumes, and generation of local surface digital elevation maps. Surface temperature and emissivity. ASTER SWIR detectors are no longer functioning due to anomalously high SWIR detector temperatures. ASTER SWIR data acquired since April 2008 are not useable, and show saturation of values and severe striping. All attempts to bring the SWIR bands back to life have failed, and no further action is envisioned.High resolution optical imager
ATLASOperationalProvide date on ice sheet height and sea ice thickness, land altitude, aerosol height distributions, cloud height and boundary layer height.n/a
C-Band SAROperationalMarine core services, land monitoring and emergency services. Monitoring sea ice zones and arctic environment. Surveillance of marine environment, monitoring land surface motion risks, mapping of land surfaces (forest, water and soil, agriculture), mapping in support of humanitarian aid in crisis situations.Imaging radar (SAR)
C-band SAR (GF-3C)OperationalAddressing a range of needs including maritime rights defense, disaster prevention and mitigation, environmental monitoring, disaster relief, territorial control, environmental protection, water conservancy, agriculture, and meteorologyImaging radar (SAR)
CCD (ZY Series)OperationalEarth resources, environmental monitoring, land use.n/a
COSIOperationalSAR for land applications of cartography and disaster monitoring.Imaging radar (SAR)
C-SAROperationalEarth resources, environmental monitoring, land use, urban studies.Imaging radar (SAR)
CSG SAROperationalAll-weather images of ocean, land and ice for monitoring of land surface processes, ice, environmental monitoring, risk management, environmental resources, maritime management, Earth topographic mapping.Imaging radar (SAR)
DLCOperationalA high-resolution stereo imaging sensor used for precise 3D mapping and topographyn/a
Geoton-L1 (2)OperationalMultispectral images of land surfaces and Oceans.High resolution optical imager
High Resolution Optical Sensor (CAS500-1)OperationalCartography, land use and planningHigh resolution optical imager
High Resolution Optical Sensor (CAS500-2)OperationalCartography, land use and planningHigh resolution optical imager
HiRIOperationalCartography, land use, risk, agriculture and forestry, civil planning and mapping, digital terrain models, defence.High resolution optical imager
Ka-band Radar Interferometer (KaRIn)OperationalSwath mapping radar altimeter that provides measurements for surface water.n/a
L-band SAR (NISAR)Operational3-year mission to study solid earth deformation (earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides), changes in ice (glaciers, sea ice) and changes in vegetation biomassImaging radar (SAR)
LISS-III (Resourcesat)OperationalData used for vegetation type assessment, resource assessment, crop stress detection, crop production forecasting, forestry, land use and land cover change.High resolution optical imager
LISS-IVOperationalVegetation monitoring, improved crop discrimination, crop yield, disaster monitoring and rapid assessment of natural resources.High resolution optical imager
L-SAR (LT-1)OperationalIn phase I, two satellites fly in a formation with a variable baseline, and the bistatic InSAR stripmap mode is utilized to acquire the global digital elevation and terrain models with high accuracy and spatial resolution. In phase II, two satellites shall share the common reference orbit with a 180-degree orbital phasing difference. The repeat cycle will be decreased to 4 days and topographic variations with millimetre accuracy at large scale can be measured using the differential InSAR techniqImaging radar (SAR)
NAOMI (PAN)OperationalNAOMI - PAN (0.5m GSD, 10.3km Swath) is a TMA opto-mechanical instrument employing a line scanning technique. Data is used for various applications including cartography, land use planning and management, national security, etc.High resolution optical imager
Optical Instrument (CO3D)OperationalWill provide global Digital Surface Models of landmasses between +- 70° latitudes with a resolution of 1 m and in 3D.High resolution optical imager
PALSAR-2OperationalDisaster monitoring, land monitoring, agricultural monitoring, natural resource exploration, global forest monitoring, potential use and interferometry.Imaging radar (SAR)
PALSAR-3OperationalDisaster monitoring, land monitoring, agricultural monitoring, natural resource exploration, global forest monitoring, potential use and interferometry.Imaging radar (SAR)
PAN (GF-1)OperationalEarth resources, environmental monitoring, land use, urban studies.High resolution optical imager
PAN (GF-2)OperationalEarth resources, environmental monitoring, land use, urban studies.High resolution optical imager
PAZ SAR-XOperationalHigh resolution X-band radar for security, land use, urban management, environmental monitoring, risk management. Spotlight, Scansar and Stripmap acquisition modes.Imaging radar (SAR)
POSEIDON-3B AltimeterOperationalNadir viewing sounding radar for provision of real-time high precision sea surface topography, ocean circulation and wave height data.n/a
POSEIDON-3C AltimeterOperationalNadir viewing sounding radar for provision of real-time high precision sea surface topography, ocean circulation and wave height data.n/a
Poseidon-4 AltimeterOperationalNadir viewing sounding radar for provision of real-time high-precision sea surface topography, ocean circulation and wave height data.n/a
SAR (RADARSAT-2)OperationalAll-weather images of ocean, ice and land surfaces. Used for monitoring of coastal zones, polar ice, sea ice, sea state, geological features, vegetation and land surface processes.Imaging radar (SAR)
SAR (RCM)OperationalAll-weather, C-band data to support ecosystem monitoring, maritime surveillance and disaster management.Imaging radar (SAR)
SAR 2000OperationalAll-weather images of ocean, land and ice for monitoring of land surface processes, ice, environmental monitoring, risk management, environmental resources, maritime management, Earth topographic mapping.Imaging radar (SAR)
SAR-LOperationalLand, ocean, emergencies, soil moisture, interferometry, others.Imaging radar (SAR)
S-Band SAR (HJ-2)OperationalRadar measurements for natural and disaster monitoring.Imaging radar (SAR)
SIRALOperationalMarine ice and terrestrial ice sheet thickness measurement.n/a
SRALOperationalMarine and land services.n/a
WFVOperationalEarth resources, environmental monitoring, land use.n/a
WPMOperationalAgriculture; Forestry; Geology; Natural disaster management; Cartography; Environment monitoring; Fire detection, localization and counting; Hydrology, coastal water mapping; Land use; Surveillance and law enforcementHigh resolution optical imager
WSAROperationalHigh resolution radar measurements of land and ocean features.Imaging radar (SAR)
X-Band SAROperationalHigh resolution images for monitoring of land surface and coastal processes and for agricultural, geological and hydrological applications.Imaging radar (SAR)
AEISS-HR-ABeing developedHigh resolution imager for land applications of cartography and disaster monitoringHigh resolution optical imager
ALISS IIIBeing developedFor crops and vegetation dynamics, natural resources census, disaster management and large scale mapping of themes.High resolution optical imager
Pan (AFT)Being developedVegetation monitoring, improved crop discrimination, crop yield, disaster monitoring and rapid assessment of natural resources.High resolution optical imager
PAN (Fore)Being developedHigh-resolution images for the study of topography, urban areas, development of DTM, run-off models etc., urban sprawl, forest cover/timber volume, land use change.High resolution optical imager
SAR (KOMPSAT-6)Being developedHigh resolution radar for land applications of cartography and disaster monitoringImaging radar (SAR)
XPAABeing developedXPAA provides Spotlight, Stripmap and ScanSAR data for applications of environmental monitoring, disaster monitoring, resource management, topographic mapping, and information gathering.Imaging radar (SAR)
CARApprovedPanchromatic and multispectral (Vis/IR) measurements with high spatial resolution, with stereo capability for DEM generation. Applications in emergencies in general, agriculture, land use/land cover, change detection, urban environment, cartography, topography.High resolution optical imager
L-Band SARApprovedL-band SAR instrument combining wide swath, high spatial resolution, high sensitivity, low ambiguity ratios, full polarimetric acquisition capability, and repeat-pass interferometry to support the retrieval of surface deformation over vegetated terrain, above-ground biomass density, soil moisture, land cover and land-cover change, flooded area information, ice sheet and glacier velocity, snow water, sea-ice conditions (type, concentration and motion), ocean winds and sea state conditions, as well as enhancing European maritime situational awareness.Imaging radar (SAR)
NG C-Band SARApprovedMarine core services, land monitoring and emergency services. Monitoring sea ice zones and arctic environment. Surveillance of marine environment, monitoring land surface motion risks, mapping of land surfaces (forest, water and soil, agriculture), mapping in support of humanitarian aid in crisis situations.Imaging radar (SAR)
OEK VRApprovedMultispectral images of land surfaces and Oceans.High resolution optical imager