S-band SAR (NISAR) Instrument

Identifiers-band-sar-nisarNamesS-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (NISAR)S-band SAR (NISAR) About identifiers

Measurements and Applications

3-year mission to study solid earth deformation (earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides), changes in ice (glaciers, sea ice) and changes in vegetation biomass

Instrument Summary

Full Name
S-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (NISAR)
Status
Operational
Instrument Agencies
Maturity
Instrument Type
Imaging microwave radars
Geometry
Side-looking
Instrument Technology
Imaging radar (SAR)
Sampling
Imaging
Data Access
Open Access
Data Format

Performance Summary

Resolution
6m (Azimuth), 2-25 m (Slant Range)
[Best Resolution: 6m]
Swath
230 km min
[Max Swath: 244 km]
Accuracy
TBD
Waveband
Microwave: 3.2 GHz
MW (~0.1 cm - ~100 cm)
S-Band (4 - 2 GHz)

SAR Parameters

Compiled from the 2026 Extended Parameters Survey, agency-nominated technical contacts and published user guides; not yet collected through the annual CEOS MIM survey.
Band
S-Band
Centre Frequency
3.2 GHz
Max Bandwidth
75 MHz
Polarisation Channels
HH · HV · VV
Polarisation Modes
single · dual · quad · compact
Look Direction
Left (nominal Left)
Antenna
12-m diameter mesh reflector — 12 × 12 m
Polarisation Notes
Quad Pol is experimental
Source
NISAR, 2025, "NASA-ISRO SAR (NISAR) Mission Science Users’ Handbook - second edition", https://doi.org/10.48577/jpl.UD4HV3, JPL Open Repository; CL25_4231.pdf

Imaging Modes

Compiled from the 2026 Extended Parameters Survey, agency-nominated technical contacts and published user guides; not yet collected through the annual CEOS MIM survey.
ModeResolution az × rg (m)Swath (km)PolarisationNESZ (dB)Bandwidth (MHz)
Beamform mode, 37 MHz bandwidth S:DB-:XX:37 W / N7 × –240HH; HH+HV; RH; RV-2037
Beamform mode, 25 MHz bandwidth S:DB-:XX:25 W / N7 × –240HH+HV; RH; RV-2025
Beamform mode, 10 MHz bandwidth S:DB-:DV:10W
Can be combined with NISAR L-band modes L:SCI:SV:05W+---:FS for ocean observations; L:SCI:QD:05W+---:FS for Beaufort Sea observations; L:SCI:DH:40M+05N:FS for ISRO Bohai Bay and NASA urban areas
7 × –240VV+VH-2010
Beamform mode, 75 MHz bandwidth S:DB-:SH:75W
Can be combined with NISAR L-band modes L:SCI:DH:40M+05N:FS for high resolution deformation (urban/landslide)
7 × –240HH-2075

Instrument Missions

NISAR - NASA ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (2025 - 2028) nisar_s-band-sar-nisar

Instrument Measurements