L-band SAR (NISAR) Instrument

Identifierl-band-sar-nisarNamesL-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (NISAR)L-band SAR (NISAR) About identifiers

Measurements and Applications

3-year mission to study solid earth deformation (earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides), changes in ice (glaciers, sea ice) and changes in vegetation biomass

Instrument Summary

Full Name
L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (NISAR)
Status
Operational
Instrument Agencies
Maturity
Low Heritage
Instrument Type
Imaging microwave radars
Geometry
Side-looking
Instrument Technology
Imaging radar (SAR)
Sampling
Imaging
Data Access
Open Access
Data Format
HDF-5, GeoTIFF

Performance Summary

Resolution
10m resolution
[Best Resolution: 10m]
Swath
240 km (12-day repeat and global coverage)
[Max Swath: 240 km]
Accuracy
TBD
Waveband
Microwave: 1.25 GHz
MW (~0.1 cm - ~100 cm)
L-Band (2 - 1 GHz)

SAR Parameters

Compiled from the 2026 Extended Parameters Survey, agency-nominated technical contacts and published user guides; not yet collected through the annual CEOS MIM survey.
Band
L-Band
Centre Frequency
1.258 GHz
Max Bandwidth
80 MHz
Polarisation Channels
HH · HV · VV · VH
Polarisation Modes
single · dual · quad · compact
Look Direction
Left (nominal Left)
Antenna
12 m deployable mesh reflector shared with S-band — 12 × 12 m
Polarisation Notes
Quad-pol alternates H/V transmit pulse-by-pulse; quasi-quad (QQ) places HH/HV in the lower and VV/VH in the upper band. Compact-pol = RH/RV (circular transmit)
Source
2026 Extended Parameters Survey (NASA JPL, 2026-09-10)

Imaging Modes

Compiled from the 2026 Extended Parameters Survey, agency-nominated technical contacts and published user guides; not yet collected through the annual CEOS MIM survey.
ModeResolution az × rg (m)Swath (km)Incidence (°)PolarisationNESZ (dB)Bandwidth (MHz)
20+5 MHz Band 20M+05N:FS7 × 7.524034–47HH+HV-2320
40+5 MHz Band 40M+05N:FS7 × 3.7524034–47HH+HV-2340
Single-pol HH 80 MHz, half swath L:SCI:SH:77M+---:HS
Science mode, for land-ice observations, high resolution. Can be combined with NISAR S-band mode S:---:SH:37W for Greenland land-ice observations
7 × 1.812034–40HH-2377
5 MHz Band 05W+---:FS
For ice and sea-ice observations. Single-pol VV (L:SCI:SV:05W+---:FS) - can be combined with NISAR S-band mode S:DB-:DV:10W
7 × 3024034–47VV;VV+VH-235
Dual co-pol HH/VV 5 MHz (split-band) L:SCI:QD:05W+---:FS7 × 3024034–47HH+VV-235

Instrument Missions

NISAR - NASA ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (2025 - 2028) nisar_l-band-sar-nisar

Instrument Measurements