Trace Gases (Excluding Ozone) Measurements

Measurements > Atmosphere > Trace gases (excluding ozone)
Trace gases other than ozone may be divided into three categories: greenhouse gases affecting climate change; chemically aggressive gases affecting the environment (including the biosphere); and, gases and radicals impacting on the ozone cycle, thereby affecting both climate and environment. Measurements include the concentration of trace gasses, column totals and integrated column measurements, and profiles of gas concentration.
Detailed MeasurementDescriptionInstrumentsTimeline
BrO (column/profile)BrO = Bromine monoxide. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
11 instruments
Timeline for BrO (column/profile)
C2H2 (column/profile)C2H2 = Acetylene. Requested in the troposphere (layers: LT, HT) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for C2H2 (column/profile)
C2H6 (column/profile)C2H6 = Ethane. Requested in the troposphere (layers: LT, HT) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for C2H6 (column/profile)
C3H6O Mole Fraction3D field of amount of C3H6O (Acetone, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for C3H6O Mole Fraction
CCl4 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CCl4 (Carbon Tetrachloride, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CCl4 Mole Fraction
CF4 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CF4 (Carbon Tetrafluoride, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CF4 Mole Fraction
CFC-11 (column/profile)CFC-11 = Trichlorofluoromethane = Freon-11. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
2 instruments
Timeline for CFC-11 (column/profile)
CFC-113 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CFC-113 (1,1,2-Trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CFC-113 Mole Fraction
CFC-12 (column/profile)CFC-12 = Dichlorodifluoromethane = Freon-12. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
2 instruments
Timeline for CFC-12 (column/profile)
CH3Br (column/profile)CH3BR = Methyl Bromide. Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for CH3Br (column/profile)
CH3Cl Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CH3Cl (Methyl Chloride, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CH3Cl Mole Fraction
CH3CN Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CH3CN (Acetonitrile, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CH3CN Mole Fraction
CH3OH Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CH3OH (Methanol, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CH3OH Mole Fraction
CH4 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CH4 (Methane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles) - Resolution Units km, Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
41 instruments
Timeline for CH4 Mole Fraction
CH4 Total Column2D field of total amount of CH4 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
1 instrument
Timeline for CH4 Total Column
CH4 Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of CH4 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
0 instruments
Timeline for CH4 Tropospheric Column
CHF3 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CHF3 (Trifluoromethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for CHF3 Mole Fraction
CHOCHO (column/profile)2D field of total amount of CHOHO molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere. Physical unit: [ ppm ], Accuracy unit: [%]
2 instruments
Timeline for CHOCHO (column/profile)
ClO (column/profile)ClO = Chlorine monoxide = Hypochlorite. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
9 instruments
Timeline for ClO (column/profile)
ClONO2 (column/profile)ClONO2 = Chlorine nitrate. Requested from mid-troposphere to TOA (layers: HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
2 instruments
Timeline for ClONO2 (column/profile)
CO Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CO (Carbon monoxide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles) - Resolution Units km
11 instruments
Timeline for CO Mole Fraction
CO Total Column2D field of total amount of CO molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
2 instruments
Timeline for CO Total Column
CO Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of CO molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause. CO = Carbon monoxide. Requested from surface to low stratosphere (layers: LT, HT, LS) + Total column - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %, Physical unit [ ppm ], Accuracy unit [ % ]
0 instruments
Timeline for CO Tropospheric Column
CO2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of CO2 (Carbon dioxide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles) - Resolution Units km, Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
38 instruments
Timeline for CO2 Mole Fraction
CO2 Total Column2D field of total amount of CO2 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
2 instruments
Timeline for CO2 Total Column
CO2 Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of CO2 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
0 instruments
Timeline for CO2 Tropospheric Column
COCl2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of COCl2 (Phosgene, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for COCl2 Mole Fraction
COClF Mole Fraction3D field of amount of COClF (Carbonyl Chloride Fluoride, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for COClF Mole Fraction
COF2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of COF2 (Carbonyl Fluoride, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for COF2 Mole Fraction
COS (column/profile)COS = Carbonyl sulfide. Requested from surface to low stratosphere (layers: LT, HT, LS) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
0 instruments
Timeline for COS (column/profile)
H2CO Mole Fraction3D field of amount of H2CO (Formaldehyde, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for H2CO Mole Fraction
H2O Mole Fraction3D field of amount of H2O (Water, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for H2O Mole Fraction
H2O2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of H2O2 (Hydrogen Peroxide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for H2O2 Mole Fraction
HCFC-141b Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HCFC-141b (1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HCFC-141b Mole Fraction
HCFC-142b Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HCFC-142b (1-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HCFC-142b Mole Fraction
HCFC-22 (column/profile)HCFC-22 = Chlorodifluoromethane or difluoromonochloromethane . Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for HCFC-22 (column/profile)
HCHO Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HCHO (Formaldehyde, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles).
9 instruments
Timeline for HCHO Mole Fraction
HCHO Total Column2D field of total amount of HCHO molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
6 instruments
Timeline for HCHO Total Column
HCHO Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of HCHO molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
0 instruments
Timeline for HCHO Tropospheric Column
HCl (column/profile)HCl = Hydrogen chloride. Requested from mid-troposphere to TOA (layers: HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
2 instruments
Timeline for HCl (column/profile)
HCN Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HCN (Hydrogen Cyanide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HCN Mole Fraction
HCOOH Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HCOOH (Formic Acid, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HCOOH Mole Fraction
HDO (column/profile)HDO = Water vapour (with one hydrogen nucleus replaced by its deuterium isotope). Requested from low stratosphere to TOA (layers: LS and HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
3 instruments
Timeline for HDO (column/profile)
HF Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HF (Hydrogen Fluoride, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HF Mole Fraction
HFC-125 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HFC-125 (Pentafluoroethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HFC-125 Mole Fraction
HFC-134a Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HFC-134a (1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HFC-134a Mole Fraction
HFC-32 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HFC-32 (Difluoromethane, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HFC-32 Mole Fraction
HNO3 (column/profile)HNO3 = Nitric acid. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) + Total column - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
9 instruments
Timeline for HNO3 (column/profile)
HNO3 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HNO3 (Nitric acid, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HNO3 Mole Fraction
HO2NO2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HO2NO2 (Peroxynitric Acid, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HO2NO2 Mole Fraction
HOCl Mole Fraction3D field of amount of HOCl (Hypochlorous Acid, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for HOCl Mole Fraction
N2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of N2 (Nitrogen, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for N2 Mole Fraction
N2O (column/profile)N2O = Nitrous oxide. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
10 instruments
Timeline for N2O (column/profile)
N2O5 (column/profile)N2O5 = Nitrogen pentoxide. Requested in the troposphere (layers: LT, HT) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
2 instruments
Timeline for N2O5 (column/profile)
NH3 Total Column2D field of total amount of NH3 molecules (Ammonia) per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere.
1 instrument
Timeline for NH3 Total Column
NO (column/profile)NO = Nitric oxide. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
9 instruments
Timeline for NO (column/profile)
NO2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of NO2 (Nitrogen peroxide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles) - Resolution Units km CO2 = Carbon dioxide. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) + Total column - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %, Physical unit [ ppm ], Accuracy unit: [ % ]
23 instruments
Timeline for NO2 Mole Fraction
NO2 Total Column2D field of total amount of NO2 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
7 instruments
Timeline for NO2 Total Column
NO2 Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of NO2 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
2 instruments
Timeline for NO2 Tropospheric Column
O2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of O2 (Oxygen, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for O2 Mole Fraction
O3 Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of O3 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause - Measuring Units moles.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
2 instruments
Timeline for O3 Tropospheric Column
OClO (column/profile)OClO = chlorate. Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for OClO (column/profile)
OCS Mole Fraction3D field of amount of OCS (Carbonyl Sulphide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles)
1 instrument
Timeline for OCS Mole Fraction
OH (column/profile)OH = Hydroxil radical. Requested from surface to TOA (layers: LT, HT, LS, HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for OH (column/profile)
PAN (column/profile)PAN = Peroxy Acetyl Nitrate. Requested in the troposphere (layers: LT, HT) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
0 instruments
Timeline for PAN (column/profile)
pCO2Partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the surface of the sea - Measuring and Uncertainty Units microatm
0 instruments
Timeline for pCO2
PSC (column/profile)PSC = Polar Stratospheric Clouds. Requested in the lower stratosphere (layer: LS) - Accuracy expressed as Hit Rate [ HR ] and False Alarm Rate [ FAR ].
1 instrument
Timeline for PSC (column/profile)
SF6 (column/profile)SF6 = Sulfur exafluoride. Requested from low stratosphere to TOA (layers: LS and HS&M) - Physical unit: [ ppm ] - Accuracy unit: [ % ].
1 instrument
Timeline for SF6 (column/profile)
SO2 Layer HeightHeight of vertically localised sulphur dioxide (SO₂) layers in the atmosphere, such as those in volcanic eruption plumes that may pose hazards to aviation. The altitude of these layers is also important for assessing their potential impact on climate. Measuring Units: m, Uncertainty Units: m.
1 instrument
Timeline for SO2 Layer Height
SO2 Mole Fraction3D field of amount of SO2 (Sulfur dioxide, expressed in moles) divided by the total amount of all constituents in dry air (also expressed in moles) - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
12 instruments
Timeline for SO2 Mole Fraction
SO2 Total Column2D field of total amount of SO2 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the upper edge of the atmosphere - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
9 instruments
Timeline for SO2 Total Column
SO2 Tropospheric Column2D field of total amount of SO2 molecules per unit area in an atmospheric column extending from the Earth’s surface to the tropopause - Measuring Units molecules.cm-2, Uncertainty Units %
0 instruments
Timeline for SO2 Tropospheric Column
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